Organizational Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Organizational Culture - Essay ExampleAs such, to establish an giving medicational culture that embodies the goals of the firm, matchless would first ensure that there is an effectively designed mission and vision statement, as well(p) as corporate values that would provide the theoretical framework for the multifariousness of organizational culture that one envisions to create.If an organization is to pull together toward common goals, the members must trust one another and work in union as a cohesive and collaborative group. Openness of information about what is happening to the company and at heart the company is essential. The lack of information about what is happening demoralizes people. The organizational culture should inspire cooperation and teamwork, from top to bottom, within the work setting. To shape such values, the leader has first to find those values within himself. He must supply the moral leadership in the company, preferably utilizing transformational lead ership style and strategies to bring about the kind of organizational culture where people identify their interests with that of the corporation, to find dignity and satisfaction in their work, and with consequent cause on increased productivity, morale and pride in being part of the company.Given this premise, when one is in a leadership position, the kind of organizational culture that one will create would contain the necessity ingredients for manifesting a strong corporate culture, such as (1) a widely shared philosophy (2) a concern for individuals (3) a recognition of heroes (4) a belief in ritual and ceremony (5) a well understood sense of the informal rules and expectations and (6) a belief that what employees do is important to others (Deal and Kennedy 3-85). This information is likely unchanging with those elements provided in the course notes that emphasize strong cultures where organizations core values are two intensely held and widely shared (Organizational Culture 3).As such,

Starting A Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Starting A Business - set about ExampleAnother source I can take advantage of is to borrow money from friends or relatives, who score more than sufficient cash and willing to lend.1 excursion from these sources, I can also borrow from the bank and utilize available credit lines that specifically meet my needs as a start-up entrepreneur. In addition to banks, there ar other lending facilities such as investment companies and private lenders from where I can borrow money.2 Should money from these sources fall short, I can also use my credit curriculumk as an alternative.However, it should be noted that resorting to these borrowing institutions or facilities for capital requirement entails the payment of interest. This means that on top of the principal amount, I will have to pay the interest or cost of borrowing. also-ran to service arising obligations from my borrowings in these institutions may result to piling interest, which can surge meteorically, thus, doubling the debt a mount to be repaid. Such would have adverse effects not only on the financial position of the keep company but also the reputation in the market.I can also present my business plan to venture capitalists, who would be willing to share the burden of the risk by providing capital for the proposed business. In considering this option, I would still have to think about the terms and conditions of the capital provision of the venture capitalist. This is because such may result in me, the business owner, having less control over the operations of the company. Some venture capitalists elect to have direct participation in running the business.3In addition, I can seek funding from organizations that extend grants to deserving entrepreneurs. For example, I can apply for funding assistance from American Express half-size Business Assistance that supports small businesses. There are also other government agencies that can be excellent sources of grants and loans for starting a business.4Go vernment Agencies and Regulations to Deal withBefore I can start manufacturing and interchange the Chunky Corn products, I would have to apply for licenses in the Food & do drugs Administration (FDA), which provides military volunteer pre-marketing consultations that would help examine if the biotechnology food, in this case the feed products, meet the regulatory standards for safety.5In relations with the FDA, I would have to ensure that the products I would be offering to the public conform to the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. Under this regulation, the manufacturer, Chunky Corn, Inc., is legally responsible to produce these safe products under sanitary conditions. Furthermore, since my products are made from genetically engineered corns, my application may have to undergo special review by the FDA to discovery out if levels of toxicants in my food products are substantially higher than present in other edible varieties of same corn species.6In terms of labeling, the company should adhere to labeling standards such that labels accurately describe the corn products by its common name and reveal important facts associated with the claims made. The labels should also be truthful and not misleading.7 Aside from licenses on the products, I would also have to deal with other government agencies for other aspects of the business. For example, I would have to deal with the local office of the Secretary of State for

SLP 4 MGT 491 INTERNATIONAL HRM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

SLP 4 MGT 491 INTERNATIONAL HRM - essay ExampleThis topic is very important to me and to every human resource manager who has an ambition of workings in a big institution. This topic will provide insight on the negative set up of downsizing and layoff. It will too try to provide the solution to the effects that are generated.Downsizing is a strategy used in business it is intended to improve the economic standing of an organization by either reducing its structure or changing the structure of the human resource so as to reduce operational costs (Mirabal & DeYoung, 2005). It is a word that has come into being due to its popular manipulation and not precise theoretical construction. It can be interpreted as simply a reducing in the organisation size on the surface. If this surface definition is taken into consideration, it might be lost(p) with the concept of organizationl decline or on the dot a mere decrease in the size of an organizational. pregnant difference, however, do e xist, that differentiates downsizing and decline as different managerial processes (Davison, 2002). Downsizing is not a phenomena that just take ons to an organization as an organization decline would, but rather it is undertaken by the management on purpose, this also brings out the differences between downsizing and reduction in the share of the market or loss of custody that are attributes of organizational decline. It is also important to note here that downsizing has the aim of improving the lastingness of the organization and it is not just a mere lack of funds to pay the employees. It can happen a proactive measure or a reactive action to contain the costs or to enhance the revenue of the organization. Downsizing can therefore also be defined as the plan and intended elimination of departmental positions or jobs and is therefore expected to yield rapid economic benefits. multitude costs often exceed 40 percent of a companys total figure (Davison, 2002). As a result, cut ting

Advocacy in mental health an Anotated bibilography of research Essay

Advocacy in handstal wellness an Anotated bibilography of question articles which influence policy change - Essay ExamplePrecisely, this paper will give an account of exclusively the research done on the subject of mental health summarizing the main arguments, points, as well as scope of each source while evaluating them on their merits and making comparisons.This article voices its advocacy in the compass of mental health by examining the consequences of deployment to Iraq and Afghanistan on the mental health of the UK armed forces finished a age bracket study following the increased concerns over the possible psychological effects of continued exposure to assault as well as successive deployments on service men and women. This study establishes that the UK service men and women atomic number 18 more likely to present with symptoms of common mental roughnesss as well as intoxicant misuse than they are with symptoms of probable post-traumatic stress disorders (Fear 1783). Mo re so, this study indicates that the overall incidence of mental disorder in the UK service men and women remained constant between 2003 and 2009, despite the prolonged deployments to Afghanistan as well as Iraq in the same period, thereby underscoring the fact that the mental health of UK army personnel has not changed. These findings are extremely reassuring especially in the context of the anticipated tidal wave of mental health complications as a result of increased deployments and prolonged exposure to combat.The research methodology data apply in this research is not only objective but also valid since it is obtained and analyzed through empirical research methods and it is appropriate to the topic because it is based on a sample population from the UK cohort study. This research is very helpful to policy in mental health in particular since it informs or shapes argument regarding army deployments and levels of exposure of service men to combat, besides underscoring the sign ificance of regular health surveillance in the UK military personnel. For instance, this

Randomised clinical trials Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Randomised clinical rivulets - Essay display caseThe critical resource of D G Altmans Practical Statistics for Medical Research was also available at Google Books. Various search terminologies were used which include Evolution/History/Review of Clinical Trials, Ethical issues of clinical political campaigns, Nazi medical war crimes, Nuremberg/Helsinki/Belmont codes. Formulae for the sample size calculations were also accessed from journal publications and some ply point presentation slides which have been cited and calculations were performed manually.Owing to the practical significance of implications of therapeutic interventions for patients, historians have shown an active bear on in the charting erupt of evolution of clinical trials. Histories of clinical trials have been recorded and they have analysed the development of quantification in therapeutic evaluation, the emergence of probabilistic thinking, the application of statistical methods and theory and the sociology, et hics and politics of clinical trials as succinctly summarized by Chalmers (1) in 2001.The basic concept behind the modern day clinical trial is not a new one. In fact, the earliest recorded reference to something resembling a clinical trial can be found in none other than the Bible. The extract, which is found in the Book of Daniel, describes the efforts of the Babylonian king, Nebuchadnezzar II (605-562 BCE), to compare his recommended diet, consisting of centerfield and wine, with one of legumes and water over a 10 day period. At the end of the trial the king noted that those on the legumes and water diet were fitter than those who had been fed meat and wine and switched the latter to legumes as well.Inclusion of blinding and placebos to reduce observer biases comprise an important element in planning an effective RCT. Records of these point out to as early as eighteen light speed when Dr.Benjamin Franklin was appointed by King of France in the Royal Commission to judge the aut henticity of Animal magnetic attraction which alleged that sicknesses were caused by some apparent obstacle in the flow of body fluids and could be take by the touch of a physicians finger or by pointing an iron rod. In a rejoin to the small percentage of success, Franklin replied, the Spirits given by the Hope of Success them to exert more strength in moving their Limbs Clearly, Franklin was aware of what we now call the placebo effect as described by Huth (2) in 2006Further, booth (3) in his book in 2005 documented the role of Physician John Haygarth in 1810-1820 attacked the widespread let out of Perkinism which involved redirecting the natural body electricity by using bi-material rods and was the first physician to carry out a single blind clinical trial using a placebo. May it be the model of the challenge put forth by Flemish physician Jean Baptist Von Helmont of ensuring that like is compared with like in the case of people suffering from fevers, pleurisies without bloodletting in the 1700s or Amberson flipping a coin for unbiased storage allocation for assigning treatment in the Tuberculosis trial in 1938 medical practitioners have considered the ethical aspects of amusement park allocation and avoidance of undue advantage since a long time now. Unbiased comparison groups jibe to Chalmers (1) in those times would result either from schedules (coin tosses, selection of different coloured beads from an urn, reference to

Earth Sciences Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Earth Sciences - Essay ExampleThus, diligent study of the accurate cardinal orientation of the Great Pyramid at Giza, Egypt, and the Venus alignment of the Maya rook of the Governor at Uxmal in Yucatan can reveal to what extent associated ancient cultures were advanced in their acquaintance of astronomy and possibly provide scope for amazement at such achievements of monolithic precision ((The burden for Archaeoastronomy, 2002).Stonehenge (Figures 4 & 5) has special significance to archaeoastronomy. It is certainly not the largest ancient stone circle in the conception but it is certainly the only one with lintels on the upright stones (English Heritage Website, FAQs on Stonehenge). Stonehenge, the word, is believed to have originated from the Anglo-Saxon period, from the old English word henge pith hanging or gibbet. Thus, Stonehenge literally means the hanging stones and may have been guessd from the lintels that be to hang above the uprights (English Heritage, Historical B ackground, Stonehenge, 2006). Today henge has a special significance in archaeology meaning a circular construction of either stone or timber (English Heritage, Historical Background, Stonehenge, 2006).The discoveries at Stonehenge in the 60s have made the interdisciplinary fields of archaeoastronomy and ethnoastronomy (the study of contemporary native astronomies) active fields wherefrom scholars derive knowledge of our species continuous interaction with the cosmos (The Center for Archaeoastronomy, 2002).The report seeks to find clearly why Stonehenge was create, when it was built and by whom. It shall explore available literature with research findings in recent years to attempt to do so.2 Stonehenge - The English Heritage Monument2.1 IntroductionEnglish Heritage and the National Trust way after Stonehenge jointly. Though curious visitors have been coming to the ancient site to gawk at the monumental constructions for over 5000 years it has only recently in 1986 been declared a World Heritage commit (English Heritage, Historical Background, 2006). Researchers from the English Heritage Scientific Dating Service used a variety of geological dating techniques to assess dates when the monument was built. The researchers assert that Stonehenge was built in three phases - the oldest construction was the Mesolithic activity in the present car park attached to the site. It must be noted here that the team

Geography Gendered feminism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Geography Gendered feminism - Essay ExampleSuch home(a) yearnings cause even death of them. (Barbara de Angelis, 1994, pp197).Geologically land is termed feminine. Through time and space, femininity is non given up its due recognition. Masochism is construed as a quality of femininity where as the same attitude in custody argon considered as cowardice or slavery. Millions of clerks of both sexes throughout the world atomic number 18 almost having masochistic attitude only. Painting masochism as the quality of women has added burden to them, leading to a sort of sexual activity exploitation of women. These developments do not have any territorial difference on the earth.However shades of differences in this type of gender exploitation prevails in various manifestations in various lands. In countries deal India, there are sleek over many regions where common women cannot occupy an equal status in public places. On boarding a public bus a lady cannot occupy her seat next to a ma n and nor a man is permitted to sit near a woman. This practice is very slowly fading. People of metro cities are a bit bold plenteous to break this tailor-madeary. But small towns and villages are still believe the scene utterly awkward. In many places the booking counters are provided with separate structural arrangements for eves. The pathetic vow of school going girls, especially those in the verge if puberty who suffer a lot for demand of toilets in Ethiopia is a challenge for feministic researchers. The economic and social barriers there are very strong enough to yield to such feministic ideologies. FLUIDITY OF GENDER IDENTITYIn fixing identities, unlike other entities like race, color, class and religion, gender occupies a fluid condition. This fluidity in the fixing of gender identity is manipulated in several societies. Thus, geographers find it a bit tricky to fix the gender identity. Wife battering prevails in all countries irrespective of their development and civil ization. But the batterer always takes advantage only of the gender. It is the feministic approach that posed top dog whether such superiority over femininity is natural. To derive an answer to this question, one has to analyze the age-old custom of patriarchy in almost all societies of the world. Geographers all over the world find a hearty tone in such analysis, which tries to evaluate and judge the patriarchy from the viewpoint of both the genders. Eradication or trial to eradicate patriarchy is not a solution. Feminism thus paves way to identify and root the importance and entitlement of femininity. Feminism in many countries takes its own speed depending upon the cultural and socialistic environments of the nations. Developed countries are fast in this approach. The high speed has led to emergence of spanking movement and lesbianism as byproducts. The sex-based lesbianism and gay movements give a picture that male domination or male chauvinism can be countered to some exten t. Whether this is true or not is yet to be cleared. Even elite group of societies is not clear in the ideologies of lesbianism and gay movement to such an extent that they can pressurize some semipolitical group and governments to legally permit such practices. Homosexuals find it nice to enter into civil partnership, which has promptly been legally permitted in England. Great Britain, which criminalized carnal intercourse during 1860 in one of its colonial regiment, as an act against the order of nature, now permits her gays to get

Business strategy in Chinese restaurant Assignment

Business strategy in Chinese eating house - Assignment Example some(prenominal) other outlets of Hai Di Lao Hot Pot were also started and the business operations were carried through this chain of restaurants. The restaurant reached a stable growth rate over time and this enabled it to open multiple outlets and marketing stores in Nanjing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Beijing and other locations of China. The company employs about 15,500 employees (Hai Di Lao hot pot, 2014).Political The business operation of the restaurant, Hai Di Lao Hot Pot is subject to some political constraints. In emerging nations like China, the government oft impose several extensive policies for maintaining a stable and competitive market. Sometimes due to political wars and subversive activity in bureaucracies, the expansion plans of the company get hampered. The restaurant also has to abide by foreign value policies in order to expand its business globally (Griffiths and Tenenbaum, 2004).stintingal The distribu tion centre, warehouse and factories of the restaurant mainly operate in the Chinese market and thus, it does not have to worry about risks associated with the exchange rate. Economic productivity of China, as measured by the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), is quite stable which implies that there is an increase in the per capita income level of the population. Consumers have high demand and increased purchasing power which enables them to help oneself speciality dining in restaurants like Hai Di Lao Hot Pot.Social Globalization has helped businesses to conduct merged operations that would help improve standard of living. Hai Di Lao Hot pot offers its customers with traditional dinning habit with a blend of modern styles. The restaurant values the social and cultural aspects that are associated with Chinese food. This ensures that the restaurant maintains a stable growth (Chow, Lau, Lo, Sha and Yun, 2007).Technological Food making techniques are essentially subject to innovations. Several innovations in cooking techniques are practised by the

Business plan Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Business plan - Coursework ExampleIn the past few years, on that point has been a drastic increase in commonwealth with new materialisation families and subdivisions moving towards the urban centers. It is therefore Pizshos strategy to take advantage of the golden opportunity of first-moving products and catch itself as the best pizza provider within the region. The management team has a strong look that the shop will be the best option in serving the fast growing population with modern, unique and fresh menu as opposed to the other shops nearby. Currently, Pizsho has well established network in the town with approximately 2000 customers visiting the premises daily. It has trained employees with vast experience in hospitality effort and modern equipment. Although it was started recently, it has expanded rapidly. If this tr last continues, it is anticipated that the shop will open other branches. Taking the assumptions that there market conditions prevail, the shop will employ m ore workers, improve the competence skills and offer diverse services. This seam plan therefore calls for an interesting, profit competent establishment with a future anticipation of growing to serve the poor society. Above all, this business plan gives a clear description of a rock-loving food application with well established prospects, looking forward to gaining an international popularity. Mission Pizsho has a mission of creating a beautiful and responsive environment for the esteem customers in a productive and well designed atmosphere that facilitates a good work place for all people. The shop is very sensitive to the taste and the appearance as well as ingredients of pizza. It attempts to satisfy its customers with the best services both tangible and intangible. It maintains the fact that, our neighbors are our customers as we are all residents of the market area. Vision To be the leading food industry that creates and nurture creative, healthy and respectable environmen t that people can sit, relax and enjoy the best foods in the region. In tune to achieve this, it ensures that the workers are fully compensated and motivated to respect the customers and produce quality pizzas. Pizsho seeks to maintain obligated and fair profit, just enough to maintain the business operations healthy and meet its demands. Objectives The objectives of Pizsho are i. To maximise profits at any given time. ii. To create a stable market place able to sustain sales and marketing goals and attracting customers iii. To arrive at hospitable monthly sales by the end every monetary year with a steady increment by the end of the third financial year iv. To establish a modest relationship among all the distributors and customers. Key Performance indicators The business bring up to success factors are i. Marketing promoting the company, its products as well as delivery channels to the rural confederation ii. To deliver the customer with value proposition iii. Product consist ency and

Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Research typography - Essay ExampleDuring the transportation, 20 percent of people died due(p) to poor conditions. With some countries burning it in the early 1990s, due to the in gracious nature, human trafficking still exists only with a new name. According to the get together Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, paragraph (a) under article 3, of the protocol to prevent, punish and suppress punishing of persons human trafficking is the recruitment, haulage, harboring, intimidation of a person by use of abduction, fraud, deception, threat, force or by giving or receiving payments with the sole purpose of exploiting the person. The exploitations include sexual exploitation, labor exploitation, and exploitation for prostitution, servitude, slavery or removal of organs. humane trafficking covers all fields however, the paper will give emphasis to trafficking of women a common and upcoming shorten among more countries. Trafficking of Women is an abhorrent crime and currently many wo men fall into a victim of such instances due to many factors. Advancement in technology among other factors such as economic conditions is the leading causes of trafficking (Shelley 2010, pp. 43). Consequently, many strategies get employed to curb the increasing trend especially among the developing countries. ... It is in this regard that heroic women fall victim and pass across borders into other countries with the sole purpose of sex work. Many women date themselves falling victim of such trafficking practices, when they are promised a better future, which later ends up to be as prostitution. Consequently, women get duped into trafficking due to drug trafficking. There are various organizations trafficking beautiful and attractive women for drug trafficking. This is a case scenario in south Asia and a substantial part of Europe, where girls are capture at a tender age and trained to supply drugs. Trafficking of women also gets promoted by worse economic conditions, which lead t o penury (Shelley 2010, pp. 50). Poverty remains a serious driving factor to trafficking of women. Women especially in developing countries are impoverished with many seeking for means of employment. It is from this perspective that when they are promised marvelous things oversees, they readily accept without cunning what waits. This, therefore, leads to trafficking of such women. Approaches in the current strategies to address human trafficking of women There are various approaches employed by various social groups, governments as well as nongovernmental organizations. One such strategy is the human powerful framework that outlines various human rights. Using the rights as a basis, various groups fight trafficking of women terming it as an barbaric activity. Some of the human rights include, The right to personal autonomy The right to enjoy psychological, sexual and physical health The right to work with adequate and just pay as well as excellent work conditions Freedom from forced labor and slavery The right not to be

Entrepreneurship and innovation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Entrepreneurship and innovation - Essay Exampleompany owes its popularity and success to the greatest talents that it nurtured that is why the employees benefits and thus career discipline are paid big attention. Such policy toward employees allows the company to continue its growing and development. ZTE Corporation too thinks what is best for its shareholders, so the investments made in the company activities were made non in vain. Speaking virtually the social responsibilities, ZTE acts proactively to satisfy the community with its unavoidably and thus respond to the most critique considerations. Having the most fire telecommunications product line in the world, ZTE covers wireless networks, core networks, access and bearer networks and also services and terminals markets. on with it, the development capability and customer-oriented strategy that the company conducts, as well as the market-driven strategy, allow ZTE to be fitting to develop and produce the best market-leadin g technologies in wireless, access, data and telecommunications software. These expert solutions enable the company to meet the needs of customers across the globe.Once the company bugger off realized the potential of the wireless and broadband networking for the global stage, it have opened new opportunities for ZTE in its ability to support transmission infrastructure, which is aimed to maintain demand for smart devices and skilful network. As a new wave of the companys activities, it should pay attention on reinvention of its activities to be able to use such opportunities at its best.For businesses, the positive environment predetermines its success. That is why, political, social and technological factors can greatly affect the way companies run their activities. Thus in 2012, the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence reported about the threat toward the U.S. national security from the ZTE company side. ZTE stated its own equipment did not threaten the U.S. nationa l security as its all equipment was assessed by the U.S.

How are schools agencies of empowerment and disempowerment Essay

How are naturalises agencies of empowerment and disempowerment - Essay idealA disempowered state arises when there is subjugation, discrimination and domination based on race, sex, mixer class, p everyplacety and so forthAs vehicles of empowerment, naturalizes play a vital role in the development of a properly ingenious and socialized citizenry (Dornbusch, Kristan & Lin, 1996). Schools have two most important purposes in the society. Firstly they teach cognitive skills which is an integral part of technical education. Secondly, they help in sorting individuals in different job categories depending on their skills (Dornbusch et al., 1996).Various reforms have been made by the American government for improving the quality of education and change magnitude the students achievement level. In March 1994 the U. S. Congress passed the eight National Education Goals for the year 2000, under which around important rules were passed Schools should be attended by all children, all the ch ildren should be literate and every tutor would promote partnerships that would increase parental involvement and participation in promoting the social, emotional, and academic growth of children (Hanushek & Jorgenson, 1996, p. 3). The legislation, No tyke Left Behind (NCLB), passed in 2001 re-authorized the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) of 1965 (Hess & Finn, 2004, p. 3). NCLBs major tenets were to think over the problems faced by schools, to research on the current means of improving schools, suggest new shipway of thinking , and help prioritize the challenges and make recommendations when possible (Juvonen, Le, Kaganoff, Augustine, & Constant, 2004, p. xv). Research shows that parents become less involved with childrens school homework and other activities as they become older (p. xix) Several studies show that, when parents do not monitor and stay involved, their young teens are at elevated risk for compromised school achievement and conduct problems (p. 86).T he school reforms objectives was to offer interventions for the lowest -performing children (p. xix).These reforms are important for empowerment which in turn helps the students to acquire knowledge outdoor(a) their immediate experience in order to broaden their understanding of themselves, the world, and the possibilities for transforming the taken-for-granted assumptions about the way we live (Irwin, 1996, p. 5). It helps them to get going critical thinking skills that make them question the prevalent social setup and not accept it on face value (p. 5). Empowered teachers would be the ones who understand carcasss of domination and work to transform oppressive practices in society while respecting the dignity of others (Irwin, 1996, p. 13). Schools as disempowering agencies perpetuate social discrimination .They sustain a system of structured inequality (Dornbusch, et al., 1996). Students class, race, ethnicity can generate a different set of treatment by schools. The students w ith the great needs are often given the worst education (Irwin, 1996, p. 64). Even though there is some(prenominal) hype about all persons being equal in our democratic documents, we have not still internalized this concept as a society (p. 65). Even though, meritorious students get advantages in status science and students with lower social order can ride over their shortcomings through education, research shows that students with higher social origins get the benefit of status attainment (Dornbusch, et al

Human resources Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Human resources - Assignment ExampleHe in any case stated that he very a lot interacted with HR whenever he had a problem with another employee or wanted a bonus or a leave. My brother stated that his HR department recorded all information about employees posture-go from recruitment, selection, performance appraisal, leaves, increase in salaries, promotions, and the like. He stated that his HR mainly cerebrate on administrative role which included recruitment and selection of employees. He did not have to interact with the HR much too often but planned to in case of all problem in future. My neighbour asserted that his HR not only kept all record of employees but also focused on assigning tasks and responsibilities to individual employees by considering the scope of project, deadline and the competency of employees. I agree with all one-third participants in positively perceiving about HR and its roles because HR is the most important department in a company that works to in crease job satisfaction.I believe that a company should have a strong HR management system if it wants its employees to be stress free, happy and satisfied with their job status. Employees oft enter into troubles and even if not, still they constantly need motivation to work harder while knowing that their needs will be fulfilled properly. HR takes care of that employees do not have to suffer from any prejudice (racial or gender) during and after selection they receive rewards when they perform well they receive enough vacations they get enough benefits and allowances that they require they are not bullied and, the like. As for me, I believe that I can be a good employee advocate because I am very much interested in sagaciousness the nature of conflicts that happen at workplace and resolving them through mediation strategies. I am also interested in assigning project tasks to individual employees since I like to learn about employees skills and

Distinct varieties of masculinity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Distinct varieties of masculinity - Essay Examplene, by concurring or differing with different scholars the conclusion, entailing a summery outline of the main points discussed and a stand on the things discussed and how masculinity manifest.In gender studies, libber theories concern the discrimination of wo men by men because of womanhood libbers opine that men suit themselves by compulsive sex women get denied personal choice and exploited on labor issues. The feminists believe that the discrimination curtails women rights and research to see the situation changed. (Piper 2009) Masculinity refers to male which denote something related to a male who include men and boys. (Piper 2011) defines masculinity as an expression to serve and not to be served expressing a sacrifice for the woman, which requires giving style and having a final say. While looking at the distinct values of masculinity arises from the comparison of feminist and masculinity where feminist seek for equality between men and women, but some things constitute for womanhood and others manhood. The essay below discusses the comparison of the two in regard to distinct variety of masculinity. Distinct varieties of masculinityTo begin with thoughts and experiences of men, they help in understanding gender in terms of the masculine variables, as oppose to feminist. (Rotundo, p. 106) argues that women beauty lured men from their known pleasure and secure culture to following women. Therefore, opining that gender gets socially construed with masculine thoughts and behaviors arising from social and cultural processes. The scholar opines that the new complex culture, give rise to the conception of self do manhood. (Rotundo, p. 80 ) Explains the boys culture, which prepared boys, for rough and competitive world of politics and business, also the jejuneness culture characterized by debating clubs, where they learned new skills and how to compete in socially acceptable ways.Similarly, (Rotundo, p 8 6) expresses the idea of masculinity by

Product Reassessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Product Reassessment - Essay ExampleThis screen will provide insight of a plan for re lay Blu Ray Disk into Korean grocery by centering on demographics characteristics based on US census data. Additionally, the type of research postulate wear been scrutinized as well as methods that can be used to increase adoption pass judgment of Blu Ray Disk. The distribution problems that are likely to be encountered in Korean market and ways of addressing them have been scrutinized.This may involve determining how the Blu Ray Disk may fit into Korean market apt(p) the fact that some new features have been added in order to meet customers call for and wants (Pride & Ferrell, 2012). The following are three components for an effective and efficient repositioning of Blu Ray Disk into Korean market there must be product positioning, market positioning and betray positioning. Product positioning focus on making Blu Ray disk unique from other disk available in Korean market (Clancy, Krieg & Wolf, 2005). This may be achieved by conducting product differentiation whereby, some cognitive and unique features may be added into the Blu Ray Disk to enhance their capacity and usage (Pride & Ferrell, 2012). On the other hand, Market positioning may help in identification of marketing strategies, whereby the position of available and impending competitors may be evaluated. Additionally, SWOT analysis model may be applied to identify strength and weakness of competitors in the target market (Pride & Ferrell, 2012).Finally, brand positioning focus on taking into consideration the following attributes consumer perceptions, brand attributes, price attributes and competitors attributes (Pride & Ferrell, 2012). Consumer perceptions may help to evaluate the minds of consumer concerning the available products supplied by the company (Pride & Ferrell, 2012).The issue of price should be taken into consideration. The company should evaluate their prices in relation to those of competitors in

Peru Research Paper Essay Example for Free

Peru Research Paper EssayMadison Spence 17 February 2013 Spanish 2312 Professor Elsa Coronado-Salinas Santa genus genus Rosa de capital of Peru The country of Peru is home to many holi solar days and festivals each year. From the New Years Day celebration to the Christmas day celebration, Peru has set aside an abundance of days to observe the countrys many historic events. A very popular holiday in the country is Santa Rosa de Lima which takes place each year on August 30. The holiday dates back to the 17th century and celebrates the close of the patroness of Lima, Santa Rosa. Santa Rosa was born on April 20, 1586 by the name of Isabel, but was later nick-named Rosa because of her looks and her rose-cheeked cheeks.She spent a majority of her childhood in the small town of Quive, in the hills of Lima. As Rosa grew up, she became extremely apparitional and started practicing very extreme forms of religion. She grew up to be a very very splendid woman, but she came to resent her looks. She did everything to undo her beauty. She fasted herself, cut her hair, and wore a thorn crown to divert attention forward from her beautiful looks and towards God. Rosa wanted to join a monastery but her family was too poor to afford it so she moved away from her family and into a cott climb on she built herself. Rosas days consisted of praying and feeding and affectionateness for the sick and poor people in her town. She sold flowers and needlework to support herself and her family. At the age of 20, Rosa was let into theThird Order without having to pay for it. Her religious practices took on a new extreme as she gave up all normal food and lived off of bread and water as well as herbs and juices from plants that she grew in her own garden. She constantly wore a metal crown around her head and an iron drawstring around her waist. After keeping up with this behavior for fourteen years, Rosa died at the young age of 31 on August 24, 1617. She was worshipped by so many p eople that all of the religious collections and public authorities attended her funeral. She was originally buried at the Dominican Convent but her remains were shortly moved to the Church of Santo Domingo.She was later named the first saint in the New World by pontiff Clemente X. Her shrine is still located inside the St. Dominic Convent in Lima. The holiday is a very celebrated day across the country, but has more of an emphasis in the city of Santa Rosa de Quives which lies in the Lima Highlands. Worshippers group together in a shelter in the middle of the city and is known as a day of feast in Peru. It is also tradition to drop a letter of good forget into the tree that Santa Rosa tossed her key. Even though she died on August 24, her death is celebrated by eat on August 30 because a Saint was already celebrated on the day of her genuine deathEasy, Lima, ed. Santa Rosa De Lima. Lima City Travel Guide. LimaEasy SAC, 03/009/2011. Web. 28 Jun 2012. http//www.limaeasy.com/inde x.php Peru Celebrates Santa Rosa de Lima. A Global World. A Global World, 2012. Web. 28 Jun 2012. .

Police System In Japan Essay Example for Free

practice of law System In Japan EssayIn Japan, law of nature system generally enjoy wide union support and respect. The system, so called keisatsu seido consists of approximately 220,000 police officers who be organized into prefectural forces coordinated and partially gibeled by the issue Police Agency in Tokyo.Concerning the historical development, during the Edo period we are talking to the highest degree the years 1600 1868 here, the Tokugawa Shogunate ( the form of those days g everyplacening the country ) developed elaborate police system based on town magistrates who held samurai status and served as chiefs of police, prosecutors and criminal judges. The system was extended by citizens s groups such as five-family associations ( gonin gumi ) . These groups were composed of neighbours, collectively conjectural to the government for the activities of their membership.After the Meiji Restoration in 1868, the main change in the whole Japanese history, the househo ld Ministry was proveed in 1873. With legal power over the Police Bureau, it effectively controlled the police. This new, centralized police system had wide-ranging responsibilities, includng the authority to issue ordinances and handle quasi-judicial functions. It also regulated human beings health, factories, constructions, businesses and issued permits, licenses and orders.In 1911 the Special Higher Police was established to help control proscribed political activities. Later in 1928 it was strengthened with the introduction of the peace treaty Preservation Law. When the Sino-Japanese state of war began in 1937, the police were given the added responsibilities of regulating business activities for the war efforts, mobilizing labour and unconditional transportatioon. Also regulation of publications, motion pictures, political meetings, and election campaigns came under police direction.After World War II, Japan as a defeated country was under strong pressure and influence i n the first place from the U.S., on all branches of life, including the police system. The National Diet the highest organ of state power was required to decree a new Police Law. This 1947 law abolished the previousHome Ministry. It decentralized the system by establishing about 1,600 independent municipal police forces in all cities and towns with population of over 5,000 smaller communities. These were served by the pertly created National Rural Police. General contol of the police was supposed to be ensured by the establishment of civilian public safety commissions.As to present structure, today the Japanese police system is based on prefectural units that are autonomous in daily trading operations yet are linked nationalwide under the National Police Agency. Prefectural police headquarters, including the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department, control everyday police operations in each prefecture. In effect, the prefectures pay for the patrol man on the beat, calling control over domestic security units, which are funded by the national government, as are the salaries of senior national and prefectural police officials.Prefectures are divided into districts, each with its own police station under direct control of prefectural police headquarters. There are about 1,250 of these police stations nationwide. Districts are further subdivided into jurisdictions of urban police boxes ( koban ) and rural residential police boxes ( chuzaisho).The mainstay of the Japanese police system is the uniformed patrol officer (omawari san ). The patrol officers supply the police boxes and patrol cars and comprised 40 percent of al incidents and crimes and then fire them to the specialized units for further investigation.The sphere of police resposibilities remains broad. Besides solving ordinary crimes, criminal investigators establish the causes of fires and industrial accidents. Crime prevention police hold added responsibility for juveniles, businesses and the enforce ment of special laws regulating gun and brand name ownership, drugs, smuggling, prostitution, pornography and industrial pollution. Public safety commissions usually defer to police decisions.Police contact with the community is extended by the requirement that koban based police visit every home in their jurisdiction to gather information,pass on suggestions regarding crime prevention and hear complaints. Neighbourhood crime prevention and traffic safety associations provide another link between police and community, further promoting extensive public exponentiation in law and order.

The History of the Discovery of Cinematography Essay Example for Free

The explanation of the Discovery of Cinematography EssayNot know the exact ascertain of introduction of operation picture postulates to us. But if according to the offset introduction of moving picture bewildered by the Lumiere brothers in Paris, it happened in December 1895. However, in view of the case have said the picture palace root suppurate screened as early as 1917 over again, he may be said to be the age of the film is almost a century.Regardless, the film is non to be in a form that we shadow absorb now. It is said to start with the success of a designer of the camera can transmit images to a monetary tolerateard quoted the picture is not moving (still). This led to enhance the capability of this camera can transmit images can be moved. So the term movie used comes from the word moving that is moving. Oxford Dictionary of movie termed as cinema or movie only. Motion picture had moved, but still dumb (silent pictures). But it was expose to the public and make a new form of entertainment that would never have imagined by concourse at that time.This phenomenon existed before the First World fight. In the interim period between World War I and World War II films already avail suitable from the West. Should still have more old citizens remember with nostalgia the film Charlie Chaplin, Laura And Hardy. Required to be disclosed to relive the era of silent movies in Hollywood, recently, released a film titled silent The Artist and won the Orange Bafta A state of wards in France by dungaree Dujardin plays, able to beat superstars including Brad Pitt and George Clooney.But when the film appe ard to speak we have had no feature film of the place East to this country, especially Egypt, thus witnessed the emergence of famous actors such as Mohd Abdul Wahab and Umm Kalthum. Mohd Abdul Wahab, for modeling, known for its melodious melodic line. Egyptian movie featuring the two of them play very well among the Malays at that time because whatever comes from the Arab countries will be respected by them, let alone many young Malays began to have the opportunity to Egypt to study.On the eastside coast of Peninsular Malaysia, this bear was the spirit of Arab culture and berqasidah melodious. Meaning melodious recitation of the Koran Karim in taranum and performed at weddings and feasts, goes up, especially in rural areas.However, western films in any case began to enter the country. Titles such as cowboy Roy Rogers, Zorro and Tarzan is no stranger at the time. Due to World War two, too many young sight 18-35 years old were killed in the West there is a military post that the number of young women farthermost exceed men. But the West was once said to also have high morals and praxis puritisme, began little by little changing patterns of social liberalism and culminates in an independent and free sexual practices.This situation affects the pattern of entertainment, including actors in theater and film entertain ment. And appeared in a movie star, which emphasized the sex symbols worry Marilyn Monroe, Elizabeth Taylor, Gina Lollobrigida and Brigitte Bardott. In the era of the 1950s and 60s, they pushed this film as a sex symbol, either within or outside the film and stage.For Elizabeth Taylor, the highlight of her acting was as Cleopatra with Richard Burton and doubles in the movie titled the analogous. Marilyn Monroe was performed sky-high in the movie Seven-Year Itch. For the heavyweights, including actor Richard Widkmark, Cary Grant, deception Wayne and Rock Hudson.Due to the heat of World War II at that time still be felt decades after the 1940s, the film appeared with prolific character of war at that time. Titles such as Battle of Britain, The Longest Day, Battle of the Bulge, All Quiet on the Western Front, A duet Too Far, Saving Private Ryan and the Sands of Iwo Jima is considered as a megahit until the 21st century.In Malaysia, the film Lieutenant Adnan be a trial highlighting the history of truehearted courage of a fighter at the time of the Second World War where our troops pass on all-out defense of the Japanese in Singapore. If we watch a documentary film called The Rising cheerfulness Over Malaya, which aired on History channel (Astro) on February 15 last, we can see how violently bestial and the Japanese at that time under the command of General Yamashita.Why do we not continue to defend the historical film of water which may whet our patriotism? Government or rich GLCs should be urged to sponsor a film the like this.Sekual to World War there was a clash of two ideologies of power that a form of democracy dipenghulukan NATO supported the United States, while socialism (Marxism-Leninism) is a right belonging to the Soviet Union. The outcome was what is called the Cold War or the Cold War, which truism two sides gather nuclear arsenal to be directed to the respective give ups.In this era, the activities of spy-spy or information must be essenti al for both parties. These symptoms are infectious to filmmaking. Arose the James stay film serial (Sean Connery as a film icon intelligence), The Saint (Roger Moore), Man from Uncle, CIA, FBI and MI-5. But because filmmakers belong to a same block in terms of ideology, the end of the film almost all countries in favor of the block thats it. The other party is portrayed as evil and mischief-maker and always loseReflecting the strength of the States came the films such as The West Wing, Raids on Entebbe and much more for American propaganda. The West Wing for example trying to highlight the strength and greatness of the United States. In addition, the CIA also depicted in the film with his role heading towards Islam. From the Arab / Muslim is also a flavor in many movies and supposedly excogitate any crime and violence caused by them. Symptoms of blaming Muslims in the film existed before the events of 11 September 2001 or 9/11. But post 9/11 sparked another aspect of Islamaphobia in the West.Hong Kong film pains and Hindi (Bollywood) is also growing rapidly. Who does not know who popularized the art of Bruce Lee kung fu defense and Bollywood star Amitabh Bachchan, Sri Devi, Ashwariya, Shusmita Shen and Shah Rukh Khan.If before this film is considered a little of the global political landscape, there is also describe the film to stand clash, between a producer and director with the other as portrayed in the film Schindlers refer and Passion of the Nazarene. The first is a gain or fishing sympathy of the Jewish world who last by the Hitler regime, while another form of attempts to blame the Jews who allegedly due to their greedy cause deliverer Christ was crucified. Jesus on the U.S., according to Islam the Quran he was not crucified. (See Surah An-Nisa verse 157 or 4157). People say it just like the crucified Jesus the U.S..The film manufacturing in this country began as early as the 1930s, when the two companies established publishers in Singapore, Sh aw Brothers and Cathay Film actor, accompanied by Malays who are still at an amateur level. However, with the guidance of people like L Krishnan, Haji Mahdi and then P Ramlee, the Malay film industry began to grow rapidly and achieve excellence in the early 1960s.The first film made possible to bring the title Laila Majnun followed many other topics which pioneered star acting like Siti Tanjung Perak, D Harris, Haji Mahdi, Neng Yartimah, Kasma Baty, Baking, Mussels Sarawak, S Kadenosine deaminaserisman and AR Tompel. Further illuminate the emergence of Michael natural Ampas Street studio apartment film. As the son of artistic versatility, good acting, direction, music and lyrics, Michaels iconic film art and film industry dominate the decade.Not need further described Michael contribution to the glory of Malay films. Suffice it that the manner of speaking of our great artiste is second to none. This is reflected also in the song arrangement, add to playlist Jeritan Change. Only dif ference in the past they called the movie star or artist, but now the artist. If P Ramlee alive at this age when so advanced production equipment and digital film, would he much greater than Stephen Spielberg.World politics does not influence directly the Malay film genre. However, due to World War II, the Japanese military totalism then make the people in this region are poor, helter disorder and incoherent. This was reflected in films like Michael incline Beca and Lost and Delirious.There is a tendency to focus on compliance with the laws of God will (Semerah Rice) with audience to Law of the Sea of the 15th Century Malacca and the influence of the Middle East (Ali Baba and Ahmad Single Lapok Albab) in culture. Law of the Sea reflects the firmness of Malacca Islamic Shariah. Films like this should be shown over and over again dilayar silver or even the TV as well as aspects of Islamic law it is also acting and artistic treasures of our culture should be an example to new genera tions.Approach many Malay films, whether make Shaw Brothers or Cathay-Keris until the 1970s can be regarded as a classic film, which comprises mostly Malays good nourish as role models for todays society. Regardless of whether the issue of Malay films are considered outside the country because it comes from Singapore, which was once in Malaya. Anyway, the exposure to the public that there should be survival.If a lot of old or classic song can only echo frequently on radio and TV, why not the old or classic movies as well as it can be perpetuated cultural heritage to be shown to the present generation?If the world does not affect the political atmosphere Malay film genre what the local political landscape. Dare we publish certain political films, especially in present circumstances, such as political satire film (political Satire) although there are attempts in this direction, but the extent of the square only. The reason, by chance there will be no producer dared to publish it, fear can not be shown in theaters or TV stations afraid to buy it?Sophistication of the tools and techniques of film making should play our film industry. The film industry as a source of global economy also shows we are now able to watch movies in 3D and 2D animation. The question is, can we imagine the motion picture by the year 2020?TIDAK diketahui tarikh sebenar filem wayang gambar diperkenalkan kepada kita. Tetapi jika mengikut perkenalan pertama gambar bergerak yang dipersembahkan oleh dua beradik Lumiere di Paris, ia berlaku pada Disember 1895. Akan tetapi memandang kepada hal ada mengatakan filem mula ditapis seawal 1917 lagi, maka boleh dikatakan usia filem sudah hampir satu abad.Apapun, filem bukan terus berada dalam bentuk yang kita dapat tontoni sekarang. Ia dikatakan bermula dengan kejayaan seorang pereka kamera dapat memancarkan gambar dipetiknya kepada kain rentang dengan gambar tidak bergerak (still). Ini mendorongnya mempertingkat keupayaan kameranya sehingga dapat memancarkan gambar boleh bergerak. Jadi istilah movie yang digunakan berasal dari perkataan moving- yakni bergerak. Kamus Oxford mengistilahkan movie sebagai cinema atau film saja.Wayang gambar sudah bergerak tetapi masih bisu (silent pictures). Namun ia mula dipamerkan kepada umum dan menjadikannya satu bentuk hiburan baru yang tidak pernah terfikir oleh manusia pada masa itu. Fenomena ini wujud sebelum Perang Dunia Pertama. Pada monkeypod interim antara Perang Dunia Pertama dan Perang Dunia Kedua sudah ada filem dipasarkan dari Barat.Harus masih ada lagi golongan warga emas ingat dengan penuh nostalgia filem Charlie Chaplin, Laura And Hardy. Perlu dinyatakan untuk mengenang kembali era silent film di Hollywood, baru-baru ini, diterbitkan sebuah filem silent berjudul The Artist dan menang Orange Bafta Awards di Perancis menerusi lakonan Jean Dujardin, mampu mengalahkan bintang handalan termasuk Brad Pitt dan George Clooney.Apabila sudah muncul filem bersuara kita dapati sudah ada filem terbitan Timur Tengah ke negara ini terutama Mesir, sekali gus menyaksikan kemunculan pelakon terkenalnya seperti Mohd Abdul Wahab dan Ummi Kalthum. Mohd Abdul Wahab misalnya, terkenal dengan lagunya yang merdu. Wayang gambar Mesir yang memaparkan lakonan mereka berdua amat laris di kalangan orang Melayu pada masa itu kerana apa jua berasal dari negara Arab akan disanjung tinggi oleh mereka, apatah lagi ramai anak muda Melayu mula berpeluang ke Mesir untuk melanjutkan pelajaran.Di Pantai Timur Semenanjung Malaysia, semangat Arab ini membuahkan pula budaya berlagu dan berqasidah. Berlagu maknanya membaca al-Quran Karim secara Taranum dan dilakukan pada majlis perkahwinan dan kenduri-kendara, terutama di luar bandar.Pun begitu, filem Barat juga mula masuk ke negara ini. Judul seperti Cowboy Roy Rogers, Zorro dan Tarzan tidak asing lagi pada masa itu. Akibat dua kali berlakunya Perang Dunia, terlalu ramai orang muda berusia 18-35 tahun terkorban sehinggakan di Barat wujud situa si bilangan wanita muda jauh mengatasi lelaki. Maka itu dikatakan Barat yang dulunya juga punya moral tinggi serta mengamal puritisme, mula sedikit demi sedikit berubah corak kepada liberalisme dan memuncak kepada pergaulan bebas serta amalan seks bebas.Keadaan demikian mempengaruhi corak hiburan termasuklah pelakon dalam hiburan melalui teater dan perfileman. Dan muncullah bintang filem yang memberi penekanan kepada simbol seks seperti Marilyn Monroe, Elizabeth Taylor, Brigitte Bardott dan Gina Lollobrigida. Pada era 1950-an dan 60-an, filem melonjakkan mereka ini sebagai simbol seks, baik dalam atau luar filem dan pementasan.Bagi Elizabeth Taylor, kemuncak lakonannya adalah sebagai Cleopatra bergandingan dengan Richard Burton dalam filem bertajuk sama. Marilyn Monroe pula membuat persembahan ghairah dalam filem Seven-Year Itch. Bagi pelakon lelaki handalan termasuklah Richard Widkmark, Cary Grant, John Wayne dan Rock Hudson.Disebabkan bahang Perang Dunia Kedua pada masa itu masih dirasai berdekad selepas tahun 1940-an, maka filem bercorak perang muncul dengan prolifik pada masa itu. Tajuk seperti Battle of Britain, The Longest Day, Battle of the Bulge, All Quiet on the Western Front, A Bridge Too Far, Saving Private Ryan dan Sands of Iwo Jima dianggap sebagai blockbuster hinggalah kurun ke-21.Di Malaysia, filem Leftenan Adnan berupa satu percubaan penonjolan sejarah keberanian seorang pejuang patriotik pada masa Perang Dunia Kedua di mana tentera kita mempertahankan habis-habisan kemaraan tentera Jepun di Singapura. Kalau kita menonton filem dokumentari berjudul The Rising Sun Over Malaya yang ditayangkan di saluran History (Astro) pada 15 Februari lalu, kita dapat lihat betapa bengis dan zalimnya tentera Jepun pada masa itu di bawah pimpinan Jeneral Yamashita.Kenapakah kita tidak meneruskan penerbitan filem sejarah mempertahankan tanah air yang boleh menyemarakkan lagi semangat patriotisme kita? Kerajaan atau syarikat GLC yang kaya raya patut diseru supaya menaja pembikinan filem seperti ini.Sekual kepada Perang Dunia berlaku pula pertembungan dua ideologi kuasa besar yang mana bentuk demokrasi didokong NATO yang dipenghulukan Amerika Syarikat, manakala komunisme (Marxism-Leninism) menjadi hak kepunyaan Soviet Union. Maka terjadilah apa disebut Perang Dingin atau Cold War yang memperlihatkan dua pihak mengumpul arsenal nuclear untuk dihalakan terhadap blok masing-masing.Dalam era ini, kegiatan intip-mengintip atau risikan menjadi ramuan wajib bagi kedua-dua pihak. Gejala ini berjangkit pula kepada pembikinan filem. Timbullah siri filem James Bond (Sean Connery sebagai ikon filem risikan), The Saint (Roger Moore), Man from Uncle, CIA, FBI dan MI-5. Tetapi disebabkan pembikin filem tergolong dalam satu blok sama dari segi ideologinya, maka hampir semua penghujung filem itu memihak kepada negara blok itu saja. Pihak yang satu lagi itu digambarkan sebagai jahat serta pengacau dan sentiasa kalahSebagai mencerminkan kekuatan Amerika maka te rbitlah juga filem seperti The West Wing, Raids on Entebbe dan banyak lagi untuk propaganda Amerika. The West Wing misalnya cuba menonjolkan kekuatan dan kehebatan Amerika Syarikat. Selain itu, CIA turut digambarkan dalam filem dengan peranannya menghala terhadap Islam. Dari itu orang Arab/Islam turut menjadi perencah dalam banyak filem dan mencerminkan kononnya apa juga kejahatan serta keganasan berpunca daripada mereka ini. Gejala menyalahkan orang Islam dalam filem wujud sebelum peristiwa 11 September 2001 atau 9/11. Tetapi pasca 9/11 menyemarakkan lagi aspek Islamaphobia di Barat.industri perfileman Hong Kong dan Hindi (Bollywood ) juga berkembang pesat. Siapa tidak kenal Bruce Lee yang mempopularkan seni pertahanan kungfu dan bintang Bollywood Amitabh Bachchan, Seri Devi, Ashwariya, Shusmita Shen dan Shah Rukh Khan.Jika sebelum ini filem dianggap mencerminkan sedikit sebanyak landskap politik global, ada juga menggambarkan filem untuk pertembungan pendirian, iaitu antara seoran g penerbit dan pengarah dengan yang lain seperti ditonjolkan dalam filem Schindlers List dan Passion of Christ . Yang pertama itu sebagai meraih atau memancing simpati dunia terhadap kaum Yahudi yang terseksa oleh rejim Hitler, manakala satu lagi berupa percubaan menyalahkan kaum Yahudi yang dikatakan akibat angkara merekalah menyebabkan Jesus Christ disalibkan. Mengenai Nabi Isa AS, Islam berpandukan al-Quran menyatakan baginda tidak disalibkan. (Rujuk Surah An-Nisa ayat 157 atau 4157 ). Orang dikatakan disalibkan itu sekadar menyerupai Nabi Isa AS.Industri perfileman di negara ini bermula seawal 1930-an apabila dua syarikat penerbit ditubuhkan di Singapura, Shaw Brothers dan Cathay Film dengan disertai pelakon Melayu yang masih di peringkat amatur. Namun, dengan bimbingan orang seperti L Krishnan, Haji Mahadi dan kemudian P Ramlee, industri perfileman Tanah Melayu mula berkembang pesat dan mencapai tahap kegemilangan pada dekad 1960-an.Filem pertama dijayakan membawa tajuk Laila M ajnun diikuti banyak lagi tajuk yang mana lakonannya dipelopori bintang seperti Siti Tanjung Perak, D Harris, Haji Mahadi, Neng Yartimah, Kasma Booty, Junaidah, Siput Sarawak, S Kadarisman dan AR Tompel. Kemunculan P Ramlee menyinari lagi alam filem di Studio Jalan Ampas. Sebagai anak seni serba boleh, baik lakonan, arahan, muzik dan lirik, P Ramlee menjadi ikon seni perfileman dan mendominasi industri filem dalam dekad itu.Tidak perlulah dihurai lanjut sumbangan P Ramlee ke arah kegemilangan filem Melayu. Memadailah kata-kata bahawa Seniman Agung kita ini memang tiada tandingannya. Ini dibayangkan juga dalam lagu gubahannya, Di Manakan Kucari Ganti. Cuma bezanya pada masa dulu mereka disebut bintang filem atau seniman tetapi sekarang artis. Kalaulah P Ramlee hidup pada zaman ini ketika peralatan penerbitan filem begitu canggih dan digital, nescaya beliau lebih hebat lagi daripada Stephen Spielberg.Politik dunia tidak mempengaruhi genre filem Melayu secara langsung. Akan tetapi akib at Perang Dunia Kedua, kemudian pemerintahan tentera Jepun membuatkan masyarakat di rantau ini miskin, porak peranda dan tidak keruan. Ini dicerminkan dalam filem P Ramlee seperti Penarik Beca dan Ibu Mertuaku.Ada kecenderungan untuk memfokus kepada kepatuhan akan hukum-hukum Allah (Semerah Padi) dengan merujuk Undang-Undang Laut Melaka Abad ke-15 dan pengaruh Timor Tengah (Ali Baba Bujang Lapok dan Ahmad Albab) dari segi budaya. Undang-undang Laut Melaka mencerminkan ketegasan Syariah Islam. Filem seperti ini patut ditayangkan berulang kali dilayar perak mahu pun di TV kerana selain aspek perundangan Islam ia juga khazanah seni lakonan dan budaya kita yang patut menjadi contoh kepada generasi baru.Pendekatan banyak filem Melayu, sama ada diterbitkan Shaw Brothers ataupun Cathay-Keris sehingga tahun 1970-an boleh dianggap sebagai filem klasik Melayu yang kebanyakannya mengandungi nilai baik untuk dijadikan teladan masyarakat kini. Tak kiralah sama ada filem Melayu ini dianggap terbi tan luar negara kerana ia berasal dari Singapura yang dulunya dalam Tanah Melayu. Pokoknya, pendedahan kepada umum patut ada kesinambungannya.Kalau banyak lagu lama atau klasik sering saja boleh berkumandang di radio dan TV, mengapa tidak filem lama atau klasik juga memang boleh diabadikan sebagai warisan seni budaya untuk ditunjukkan kepada generasi sekarang?Kalau suasana politik dunia tidak mempengaruhi genre filem Melayu bagaimana pula suasana politik tempatan. Beranikah kita menerbitkan filem berbaur politik terutama dalam keadaan sekarang, misalnya filem sindiran politik (political satire) walaupun sudah ada percubaan ke arah ini, tetapi itu setakat siku-sikusaja. Sebabnya, mungkin tak akan ada produser berani menerbitkannya, bimbang tidak boleh ditayangkan di pawagam atau stesen TV takut hendak membelinya?Kecanggihan peralatan dan teknik mengenai pembikinan filem wajar dieksploitasikan industri filem kita. Industri perfileman selaku sumber ekonomi secara global juga memperliha tkan kita kini sudah boleh menonton filem dalam bentuk animasi 3D dan 2D. Soalnya, bolehkah kita bayangkan bentuk wayang gambar menjelang tahun 2020 nanti?

Management Portfolio Essay Example for Free

Management Portfolio EssayThis portfolio task invites you to theorise holistically about the strengths you are developing and how these strengths might be applied, represented, and offered in service to your aspirations in the career field. You go away demonstrate the competencies you have studied to comprehend and explain your ain strengths and present evidence of these strengths in a positive light for potential employers.Task A. Write an essay (suggested length of 12 pages) in which you do the following 1. Evaluate your top five strengths in relation to your chosen career. 2. Provide examples from your personal life, work, or school activities that support your evaluation.B. Write a career outlook report (suggested length of 12 pages) in which you summarize a specific career field that interests you. 1. Provide information such(prenominal) as salary range, employment outlook, types of positions available, and education required.C. Write an essay (suggested length of 35 pag es) in which you reflect on how your education and past work and life reckons have prepared you for your future in the workplace.D. Provide your resume (no more than 3 pages). Note Make sure the resume contains no well-formed or spelling errors and that it is formatted to be correctly viewed electronically and when printed.E. Provide five exhibits to include in your overlord portfolio. Examples may include the following Executive summary from your capstone (no more than 12 pages) whatever artifact from your work experience if it applies directly to information that a potential employer would be interested in seeing (e.g., awards, certificates, letters of commendation, performance evaluations, other evidence of outstanding work performance) Any artifact from your university experience if it applies directly to information that a potential employer would be interested in seeing (e.g., transcripts, score reports, certificates, awards) commentary of a work product Projects or a ssignments completed to meet requirements in the major F. If you choose to single-valued function outside sources, include all in-text citations and references in APA format.Note Please save word-processing documents as *.rtf (Rich Text Format) or *.pdf (Portable Document Format) files. Note For definitions of terms commonly used in the rubric, see the attached Rubric Terms.

Consumer behaviour Essay Example for Free

Consumer behaviour EssayUnderstanding consumer behaviour has taken the watchfulness of researchers and companies referable to their relevance for tune success (Jones et al 2000). How is consumer contentment related with their committal has been likely the most important veer in consumer behaviour for ensure a semipermanent success in a marketing system (Pappu et al 2006). The publications and researchers suggest that there is a strong relation betwixt product comfort and smirch loyalty, but always highlighting their relation as a unidirectional relationship.In unlike words, product or service satisfaction has a direct relationship with loyalty, but loyalty has non a significant dependency with satisfaction (Oslen 2005). In other words, brands can confine quenched clients nevertheless, that does non mean loyal nodes in the future (Oslen 2005). In addition, the literatures also suggest that there is a connect between loyalty and profitability thanks to repurchas e behaviour ( spear Basu 1994 Anderson et al 1994 Rust et al 1995). in all these compulsive consequences ar possible if managers consider in their strategies concepts such as consumer satisfaction and customer loyalty to gain strong relationships based on trust and commitment (Dick Basu 1994). alone these concepts ar totally effective to take a lot of opportunities in the wine business. Its features as a business mix between products and services, its challenging competitive environment and its complexity for products evaluation, make the wine business completely dependent of these concepts.Hence, this examine leave discuss what is customer satisfaction and why is pertinent for a business success in a long-term. Then, it will do the same with customer loyalty concept making a redundant attention in the differences between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty concepts. Furthermore, to have different viewpoints somewhat loyalty, also it will be discussed an importa nt argument against loyalty known as double luck effect. After that, this essay will offer two approaches of how is calculated customer profitability due to their significance in managerial marketing decisions.Finally, it will be explained how atomic number 18 linked satisfaction- loyalty-profitability and its consequences to the wine business. guest satisfaction is very(prenominal) important to a business success in a long-term (Jones et al 2000 Pappu et al 2006). There is a wide range of arguments to support why customer satisfaction is so relevant for future performance of many companies. For example, satisfied customers atomic number 18 stronger against competition marketing campaigns, also they are less sensitive to the price and might be more loyal to the brand than unsatisfied customers (Dimitriades 2010).However, satisfaction is not the only step that wineries have to give to archive their goals with their clients. There is a big eminence between satisfaction and loyalt y, and a deep meeting of each concept might be requirement for businesses with a strong association between products and services like the wine business. Nowadays, the wine business has been accept as one of the most competitive business due to its small margins and large supply. In addition, the changing wine business environment has forced wine producer to use strategies focused on consumer preferences (Kimpakorn Tocquer 2011).All these factors have become critical for wineries that want to have a differentiation against their competitors and satisfy their customers. According to aforementioned, some(prenominal) authors are defined and studied customer satisfaction and their loyalty due to their relevance in a long-term, but their definitions vary according to the purpose of the study (Oslen 2005). Nevertheless, The American Marketing Association (AMA), is the most reverential professional association for individuals and organizations who are leading the practice, teaching, and development of marketing worldwide, and they defined customer satisfaction as follow 1.The degree to which a consumers expectations are fulfilled or surpassed by a product. 2. The post-purchase evaluation of a consumer action by the ultimate consumer or the decision maker. The beliefs, attitudes, and future purchase patterns word-of-mouth communication and statutory and informal complaints have been related to the post-purchase satisfaction/dissatisfaction impact. (American Marketing Association 2012) Therefore, for those wineries that are looking for a differentiation, satisfied customers might be a unafraid alternative.As it is possible to see, according to the definition of AMA, everything is related with consumers expectations and how companies exceed it or not. In addition, the post-purchase accomplish will determinate their attitudes and beliefs to the brand. In this line, a satisfied customer is a potential promoter of the brand through word-of-mouth and could be a v ery moneymaking if companies understand their needs and wants. Moreover, Anderson and Sullivan (1993) explain that are two factors as antecedents of satisfaction, expectations and perceived quality (Anderson et al 1993).This means, the evaluating process will depend on how were built these expectations and the quality perceived. Furthermore, the authors sustain that these antecedents will have a different weight in the process depending on how complex is evaluate the product. Consequently, it might be more relevant manage customer satisfaction when clients are familiarized with the product. On the contrary, when the product is complex or elusive for evaluating, expectations are more relevant (Anderson et al 1993). So, these findings challenge the wine industry due to wine is not an easy product to evaluate.In other words, it is not enough produce just a good quality wine, but also it is manage customers expectation as a reference of their job to see their satisfaction. Wineries that already exceed customer expectations, now are looking for keeping their attention and future preferences. Is here when loyalty becomes an important and relevant goal for those wineries that passed the first step, take a shit a long-term relationship with their customers. Many conceptualizations of customer loyalty can be undercoat in the literature (Donio et al 2006).The importance of create profitable relationship with customers is so relevant that many authors have dedicated their studies to understand it. What is customer loyalty and why it is so significant to the future success of a business are the key questions. The main recurrent argument in the literature is capturing a new customer is more than(prenominal) more expensive than delighting existing one (Dick Basu 1994). As we discuss before, satisfaction in the wine business is more related with customer expectation, but once exceeded these expectations, is essential start to thinking in how to build a sustainable r elationship with customers in the long-term.Dick and Basu (1994) defined loyalty as follow The speciality of the relationship between an individuals sexual relation attitude towards an entity (brand, service, store, or vendor) and repeat patronage (Dick Basu 1994) So, Dick and Basu (1994) suggest that there is a link between the strength of the relationship and the individuals relative attitudes toward a brand, which it determinate a possible future purchase. Now, it is not clear yet how these attitudes work and are built. To explain this, Dick and Basu (1994) explain tercet different approaches of customer loyalty.First, loyalty as an attitude toward a brand, indorsement, loyalty expressed as a pattern behaviours, and third, get moderated by individual attitudes (Dick Basu 1994). Understanding these three views are very useful for appreciate deeply what is customer loyalty. The first approach is viewed as positive attitudes toward a brand. This means, a good past experiences generated a commitment with the brand. This is measured asking people how much they like the brand or if they will give any recommendations.The level of these feelings and recommendations will measure the level of commitment with the brand and future purchases (Dick Basu 1994). In other words, any marketing campaign that reinforces positive attributes toward the brand is working on enhancing these positive attitudes. For instance, Coca-cola and its marketing campaign of happiness or Harley-Davidson and their unique sound and path of motorcycles, both are campaigns that enhance positive attributes toward the brand.However, this definition is not quite verifiable for geting of low-risk (Dick Basu 1994). The second definition, loyalty expressed as pattern behaviour, defines different kind of customers. Those called monogamous that means one cytosine per cent loyal to a brand and the others as promiscuous that means loyal to a household of products more than a specific brand (Dick Basu 1994). So, under this definition loyalty is more like a propensity to buy a brand into a category of products than feelings of commitment with a particular one.In deed, there are evidences that show people who declared them self as satisfied or very satisfied and in the next purchase they buy another brand. For example, In the UK, Oglivy Loyalty Centre found that, although 85% of automotive customers declared them self as satisfied, only 40% bought the same brand, and of packaged goods customers who identify a favourite brand, the 66% had bought another brand recently (OMalley 1998). Finally, the third approach, buying moderate by individual attitudes, links the behaviour with customer attitudes.Dick Basu (1994) interpret behaviour as the act of buying plus the attitudes created for that act. As attitudinal dimensions Dick and Basu (1994) give three steps, customer satisfaction, customer trust and customer commitment. These three steps would be the antecedents of customer lo yalty. In simple words, people will buy something with expectations created by advertising, background, social environment, etc. Then, post-purchase, they will create several attitudes according to the process of product evaluation.Consequently, these attitudes will generate satisfaction if these expectations were exceed it. Once satisfaction is obtained, people might develop trust in that brand and a possible desire of commitment. Hence, according to this third definition, we can see a deeper process behind customer loyalty and a better explanation of how to manage it. It may say, to build customer loyalty is not enough create a relationship through a loyalty scheme, gifts or create email lists and send emails for communicating promotions and activities.Loyalty is much more complex than that, first, it is necessary obtain customers trust for building a compromise with them (Dick Basu 1994). Then, once customers take commitment, it is possible to speak about loyalty. As an example, this is similar to marriage. First, there is a period where people know each other (trust), then, people who actually want to make a compromise for building something in the future get engaged, and finally, during the marriage, the couple kit and caboodle everyday to remember their votes and keep their loyalty through beat.In marketing, seems to be the same pattern, companies that want to create strong relationships based on trust, first, they must gain it. Then, companies have to build a commitment with those customers that are profitable for them and, finally, find the way to develop their loyalty, remembering why they took this preference in the past. Small brands have a double goal, increase their market share and their popularity to defeat the double jeopardy effect. In the literature it is possible to find a very common, but unknowing phenomenon called, Double Jeopardy (Ehrenberng et al 1990).This phenomenon, presented in business is cited as one of the most common argumen ts against loyalty explaining the repurchase behaviour as a consequence of the brand size in the market. Ehrenberg (1999) explains this phenomenon as follow In any given time period, a small brand typically has far fewer buyers than a larger brand. In addition, its buyers tip to buy it less often. This pattern is an instance of a widespread phenomenon called double jeopardy

A Historical Perspective on Reading Research and Practice Essay Example for Free

A Historical position on Reading Research and Practice EssayThis article has responded to both internal and external forces resulting from gradational and dramatic transitions based on historical perspectives. This has permitted a reasonable reflection and a sense of science that is susceptible to loss when one engages in it. The underlying reason is the critical dimension to the present twenty-four hour period events and issues analysis resulting from the broadened practice shade. In the late 20th century, driveing became a recognized study landing field with positive research programs aiming at as accrediteding its fundamental nature and its acquisition puzzle out. This resulted from the confluence of social, educational, political and economic factors. numerical and qualitative changes in U. S. public schools systems after the World War II provided favorable environment for the enounceing transitions. Reading processes and sciences were broken down into constituent parts which were practiced and reinforced in a systematic and orderly manner during classroom sections. Reading became a conditioned behavior based on certain environmental contingencies.Individuals positively responded to rendition from repeated and controllight-emitting diode stimulation from the environment. This stimulus-response relationship was accompanied by rewards and punishments led to the dependence of the reading act (Alexander Fox, 2004). Therefore, academic skill involved identification of the preferred behaviors prerequisites and training. This aimed at untangling the chained links in reading so as to train the learner in each section skill.In sumition, material effectiveness was structured and controlled in the delivery of environmental stimulation and practice opportunities. furiousness on studying observable behavior focused on reading as a perceptual activity which included identification of visual signals and validating diagnostic instruments and remedial techniques. However, alternative human learning theories which focused on perceptual process as a whole still operated on tube which examined that reading is per introspection sooner than through behavior.Human beings could make a coherent sense out of the perceptional data through whole-word recognition, context comprehension and word identification gum olibanum considering reading as a unique human activity owning definitive characteristics. Increased cheer in internal mental structures and processes enkindled by the advancements in neurology and artificial intelligence has caused transformations in the learning institutions. Moreover, the dissatisfaction with behaviorism as an informative system caused changes.The article points that present institutions should conceptualize learning as a natural process rather than conditioning and that language should be developed through a meaningful use. Also learning to read should be viewed as an inherent ability rather than a reflec tive action with laborious skill acquisition. As a result, reading research unified the literacy field through language arts. Learning to read became a matter of arriving at a facility due to the understanding quest within a language-rich environment.The growing attention to the structure and processes of the human estimate and increased federal funding by the Unites States led to creation of research centers caused another theoretical transformation. These new researchers explained human language as an interaction betwixt symbol system and mind. Learning as a natural metaphor was replaced with a mechanistic schooling processing metaphor. Text-based as a form of learning, involved knowledge which was organized and stored within the individual mind (Alexander Fox, 2004).In addition, Knowledge base was depicted as powerful, persuasive, individualistic and modifiable since it was linked to the individuals perspectives on what they had read, their interpretation and recall out of th e written text. The information processing of this period resulted in cognition-related constructs which strengthen the aforementioned characteristics of knowledge. Furthermore, it focused on the individual mind. This was because the computer-based guiding had little considerations of socio-cultural influences in processing linguistic information.To add on, the research studies stressed on individualistic interpretations of written text and exhibited that the knowledge of the students could be greatly change through training, direct intervention and/or overt instructions. Other contributors of improved text comprehension were instructional environments and pedagogical techniques. In view of any reading approach, there must be a permutation away from the neurological argument to much concern for naturalism in the materials and procedures used to teach reading. Moreover, they should bring in unity within the language arts.The cognitive psychology gave a new viewpoint for literacy and educational researchers. It canvass literacy with naturally occurring texts in natural settings with holistic and aesthetic school of thought. It aimed creating a mutual understanding arising in the social interaction of individuals in particular contexts at a time (Alexander Fox, 2004). The dominant perspective was learning being a socio-cultural collaborative experience and the learner being a member of the learning community. unsnarl on modern schoolsPresent day schools should anticipate for motivation in the form of readers achievement of goals, interest and involvement in the learning experience with change in perception of texts, reader and reading. This can be achieved due to the introduction of the hypermedia and hypertext forms of learning which has increased the attention in classroom discourse so improving the students academic. Effective orientation has to be done so as to capture the complexity of reading and recognize the changing nature of reading as the reade r engages in a range of reading-related, purposive activities.With the dichotomization of reading into learning to read and reading to learn, it has led to integrated and developmental learning perspective. prosecute learning has led to the acknowledgement of the fact that reading extends to the texts students come across daily such as nonlinear, interactive, dynamic and visually complex materials transmitted using audiovisual media. Current learning institutions should learn almost the potentials of alternatives nonlinear media and examine how pedagogical techniques and learning environments can be adapted to aid readers from struggle with handed-down texts.Students should be encouraged to participate in meaningful and goal-directed text-based learning. Moreover, attention should be drawn to constrain a personally and socially valuable body of knowledge. Strategies are put in place to come along reflection, choice and deliberate execution on the learners part which actively engages the leaner thus developing the reading perspective. To be complete, readers, and learners should focus on demonstrating fluency in reading and other base linguistic skills.Workable solutionsSome of workable solutions would include provision of personally relevant texts, both traditional and alternative that will promote deeper and wider student engagement in their learning. Putting in place proficient advancements capable of transforming learning and teaching through production of proliferated information sources and different text types can withal be productive. Involving high-stakes testing and efforts to institute national standards have hastened the students learning since they prescribe the content and skills learners should have acquired at various institutional levels.Investments in basic reading skills and components in special education institutions have helped struggling readers since researchers have greatly supported. Changes which might improve things One of major consideration that should be put in place is recognition of the fact that reading is invariably physiological, psychological and sociological thus an integrated orientation is a prerequisite. Therefore physical, visual, and neurological stimuli to the learning processes should also be employed.In addition, every reading process needs to enhance the psychological interpretation, storage and retrieval of text, goals formulation and expression of interests. Sociologically, a reading culture that focuses in intra-individual and inter-individual communication through linguistic media that are socio-culturally influenced can also play a larger-than-life role in changing the existing education. Lastly, a fine-grained reading view that incorporate brilliance structures and mental activities of an individual and social behavior have to be integrated meaningfully throughout these orientations.

Comparative Study on the Origin of Religion Essay Example for Free

Comparative Study on the Origin of Religion try onSince the early 1800s, there had been an ample amount of skeptics trying to account for the ascendant of religion. The basic question on everybodys mind was where does religion come from? Some believed that pot farmed religion be answer they didnt comprehend the forces of temperament round them. Others believe that religion was created as a way of restrain people.In the nineteenth century, people were introduced to social science and anthropologists who once studied blunt culture were exposed to several theories on the origin of religion. Edward B Tylor was one of the first who developed a theory on religion. Max stamp was a German professor at Oxford University whose interest included Indian mythology and the study of religion. An other(a) anthropologist was George Frazer who line contributions to phantasmal anthropology was a religious encyclopedia. There are many explanations to the origin of religion, one of the mo st swelled being Edward B.Tylors theory of animism. This theory is considered the erectation of the physical phylogenesis of religion two other influential religious anthropologists, Max Muller and James Frazer, also based their explanations of the origin of religion on nature. All terce religious anthropologists are comparable in the sense that they traced the evolution of religion in an attempt to figure out the origin of it but differ in the way they approach the conceit of religion. Edward B. Tylor developed the theory of animism to help let off the most rudimentary form of religion.Animism is defined as the popular opinion that attributes souls and spirits to kind-hearteds, plants, animals and other entities. Animistic religious beliefs are well-known among primitive societies who were so low in culture as to have no religious conceptions what so ever (Tylor). Tylor considered animism as the most primitive phase in the development of religion. He believed that the refle ction of dreams and the observation of death caused primitive people to develop the idea of souls and spirits. Tylor thought that primitive people believed that everything in nature had a soul within it.He hypothesized that a belief in animism led to the formation of a more generalized god and, eventually, the humanity of monotheism. Animism ultimately led to the evolution of religion in the minds of the people. It led them to take something so simple as nature and use it to explain the natural phenomenon in their environment. A conflicting theory that uses the concept of evolution is that of Max Muller. Another theory of the origin of religion was developed by Max Muller. He believed that people first developed religion from the observation of nature. According to his theory, primitive people became aware of regularity of the seasons, the tides and the phases of the moon. Their receipt to these forces in nature was to personalize them(Hopfe and Woodward). They personalized them t hrough linguistics. Muller believed that development of religion was a cause of confusion in language (Goldsmith). There seems to be a divide between Muller and Tylor over the nature of the origin of religion. Max Muller believed that the answer to the sole origin of religion could be found in the past and a person can trace its origin in the linguistic remnants in the Indo-European languages.Tylor thought that implementing an ethnological approach would be more successful than studying languages for answers of the origin of religion. growth of religion is evident in Mullers theory because they personified the forces of nature, created myths to describe their activities, and eventually developed pantheons and religions around them (Hopfe and Woodward). By developing religions and pantheons from identifying the forces in nature is a clear sign of the evolution of religion in the human mind set.Even though their theories are different, the idea of evolution of religion in the human mind is evident in both Muller and Tylors theory. Sir James George Frazer, a fellow religious anthropologist, began developing his own theories on religion. Frazer believed that humans used magic as a way to enclose nature and the events around them and when that failed, they false to religion. They used religion to control the events for a period and when religion failed they turned to science. Frazers theories were similar to those of Tylor.They both believed that the human mind developed in the same way as that of physical evolution.. Even though Frazer took a similar approach to Tylor in tracing the origin of religion, he modified Tylors theory and replaced Tylors theory of animism with his idea of magic. A similarity between Frazer and Tylor is that they both believed that religion began from an intentional method of describing and making sense of a strange world. Frazer replaces the idea that religion explains nature by introducing science as a substitute.Frazers approach t o tracing the origin of religion is similar to that of Tylor and Muller since all three traced the evolution of religion in an attempt to figure out its origin. two Muller and Frazers theory are similar to Tylors theory since both trace the origin of religion through the evolution of it but differ in the way they interpret religion. All three of them seemed to miss a vital element of religion which is that no one who practices religion is doing so to explain how the world works. People use religion for several reasons. Some use it to give meaning to their lives while others use it to enforce social order. Maybe all three anthropologists didnt miss this key agent but rather didnt know about it due to the rapid evolution of religion.

Creationism vs Evolutionism Essay Example for Free

Creationism vs Evolutionism EssayFrom the beginning of time there has been a contest ab prohibited how the arena was created. At this time we stand agree that there can further be one of two ways that the world could have been created, and that is scientific eithery or non scientifically. While in the world today mostly e precisething is being created from science although that might not have been the case subscribe in the days. In this research paper I will try to show the difference among the two and how they argon still one in the same. While this research paper is not intentional to persuade you in your intuitive feelings, it is a bucket of k straight offledge that will better educate you on the two. The Creationism vs. Evolutionism controversy represents a clash between two ways of relating to the world (scientific/non-scientific). The central idea of biological maturation (scientific) is that all life on Earth shargons a common ancestor, just as you and your cousin s share a common grandmother. Creationism (non-scientific) is someone who believes in a god who is absolute creator of heaven and kingdom, out of nothing, by an act of free will.Creationists do not believe that all of todays living things evolved from unreserved organisms changing slowly over time. Creationism opposes the idea of human evolution. (Ruse, Michael, fall 2008) Since the humans of the universe is typically explained by two popular beliefs. One being the scientific explanation and the other being biblical explanation. These are two very(prenominal) different explanations, and while I believe ones religious beliefs can have a role in which explanation one chooses to follow, one is free to choose how they believe the world was created.The scientific explanation is explained by the Big Bang speculation. A basic definition of the Big Bang Theory is that the universe began at a specific time and has been cooling and expanding ever since. According to this explanation, a gamy ball of energy expanded outward in all directions and in time radiation and occasion began to rise. Gravity now comes in to play and draws the matter into dense regions. After billions of years this formed all things that exist now, stars, planets and galaxies.In our school text the biblical explanation for the creation of the universe is explained to us through with(predicate) the Judeo-Christian Biblical account of the creation of earth. The Judeo-Christian account is believed that paragon make its freshman inhabitants, fashioning them out of clay, and breathing life into them. With this theory it is obvious to see the two explanations scientific and biblical are very different. Scientific belief is the universe was created through hot energy expanding and eventually creating our galaxies. The biblical explanation is the belief of the Holy Spirit (God) created all things.With these two very different explanations I dont see how they can make reconciled. Being of Penteco stal faith, I was taught, and brought up to believe in the biblical explanation. However, one cannot ignore the scientific explanation. With the research given today its hard to deny the scientific facts available. For some it can be difficult picking one explanation if they dont believe in religion, for me, I can believe is that the world was created by (god) and the continued creation that came there after over time is created through science.Creationism vs. volutionism has often been incorrectly drawn out as a debate between science and religion, very lesser can be gained by debating evolution vs. creationism. Two of the biggest obstacles to effective debate on the report are The lack of conclusive scientific evidence to forever resolve the issue And the lack of spread mindedness on the part of both camps. The geneticist Theodosius Dobzhansky stated that, nothing in biology makes sense except in terms of evolution. The theory of evolution merely explains a process by which spe cies undergoes change over an extended period of time.It is believed that different species evolved from a common ancestor. In order to understand the concept of evolution we moldiness think of time in large units like millions of years. Blocks of time like months and years are of little significance. Evolution refers to entire populations and not individuals. The changes must be passed on to the next generation. Though not the first person to present the idea of evolution Charles Darwin has been dubbed the father of evolution. He is the most noted and supported, for his theory of inborn selection.Darwins theory of natural selection simply states that nature favors the survival of organisms that have traits that are beaver suited for their environment. In other words, only the strong survive. (Max O. Hallman third edition pp 159- 166) Since Darwins proposal, scientists such as geologist, biologists, biochemists and others have conducted studies, gathered evidence and developed th eories to explain the probable mechanisms of evolution. Modifications are constantly being made to findings and theories as new evidence is accepted. These scientists have conducted studies to compare organisms.Their research includes the study of fossil records, cell social organisation and function, DNA and the process of heredity ( catching background). Their theory of evolution suggests that species that currently exist on earth, developed from ancestral species that have adapted to changing conditions. Scientist evidence suggests that life on earth probably began billions of years past with a unicellular organism. This information has been obtained through Radio-carbon dating which is a method of obtaining age estimates on constituent(a) materials. It has been used to date samples as old as 50,000 years.The method was developed immediately following ground War II by Willard F. Libby and coworkers, and has provided age determinations in archaeology, geology, geophysics and o ther branches of science. Radiocarbon determinations can be obtained on wood charcoal marine and fresh-water shell bone and antler peat and organic-bearing sediments, carbonate deposits such as tufa, caliche, and marl and dissolve carbon dioxide and carbonates in ocean, lake and ground-water sources. Darwin hypothesized that changes in species is due to the concept of natural selection (only the strong survive).Organisms with favorable traits to those environments are more likely to survive, reproducing and passing on the better traits to the next generation. The new off spring world have an increased chance of survival. Over time, the fittest of the species will survive with different characteristics from those of the original species. This will now be recognized as a new species. (William P. marryA. cunningham chapter 4. Pp 75-90) While absolute proof of the existence of God cannot be realized by any human being, the great weight of evidence, when rationally evaluated, clearly ba lances the scales firmly in favor of God.We can demonstrate beyond a reasonable doubt that He is, and that He is a rewarded of them that diligently seek Him. (Hebrews 116) Creationism is the religious belief that all life on earth is the creation of a supernatural being- god. This relates to the history of religion as described in religious text and the bible. As described in genesis, humans, the world, the universe and all that exists was created by god Creatio ex nihilo- Latin for creation from nothing.